Century-Long Discovery of Endemic Species
Over the past century, Taiwan has identified five species of Hynobius salamanders, all inhabiting headwater regions of high-altitude streams above 1,300 meters. These amphibians are found in three major national parks, including Shei-Pa National Park, where they occupy specialized ecological niches shaped by glacial history.
Conservation Status and Climate Threats
Shei-Pa National Park recently highlighted that two species - Hynobius fucus (Guanwu salamander) and Hynobius glacialis (Nanhu salamander) - were immediately classified as endangered upon their scientific description in 2008. Notably:
- Geographic distribution: H. fucus occupies the lowest and northernmost habitats among Taiwan's salamanders, found in areas like Chatienshan, Lalashan, and Guanwu
- Climate vulnerability: Only 3 counties (Tainan, Changhua, Yunlin) lack salamander populations, but extreme weather events now threaten all species
Research and Monitoring Initiatives
A collaborative team led by NTU's Prof. Yu-Tien Chu has tracked salamanders for eight years, establishing key protocols:
- Permanent monitoring sites in Guanwu (e.g., Giant Cypress Trail, Dalu Forest Road)
- Standardized data collection processes for climate impact assessment
- Training programs for park staff and volunteers
Climate Change Impacts
Researchers identified critical challenges for these temperate species with limited mobility:
- Reduced winter precipitation threatens temporary breeding pools
- Extreme rainfall events wash away egg masses within hours
- Multi-year droughts cause localized population collapses
"Salamanders act as environmental sentinels - understanding their struggle helps us anticipate challenges humanity will face from climate disruption."
- Shei-Pa National Park Administration
